Tabula

The late-Roman backgammon — the immediate ancestor of the modern game.

🌤indoor

What is Tabula?

Tabula is a late Roman and Byzantine race game that is the immediate ancestor of modern backgammon. Rules were preserved in a letter from the Byzantine Emperor Zeno (5th century CE) describing a losing position. Each player has 15 pieces moving around a board of 24 points using three dice — the extra die being the main difference from modern backgammon.

Quick facts

Category

Board Games

Type

Individual

Players

2–2

Where played

indoor

Country of origin

🇮🇹 Italy

Estimated origin

Byzantine/Late Roman Empire, c.480 CE

Olympic

No

Popularity

niche

Sources & provenance

Last verified 2026-08-24.historical