Cornhole

Officially American Cornhole (ACL)

American outdoor bag-tossing lawn game — two players/teams alternate throwing 4 fabric bags at a raised angled board with a hole, scoring 1 point per bag on board and 3 points per bag through the hole; first to 21 wins.

📐outdoor lawn / court~30 min🌤outdoor
Photo · Wikipedia

What is Cornhole?

Cornhole is a lawn game (also called 'bags' or 'bean bag toss') popular in the United States, especially in the Midwest. Two players (or teams of 2) stand at opposite ends, ~27 feet apart, alternately tossing four fabric bags at a raised angled wooden board (4 ft × 2 ft) with a 6-inch hole near the top. Bag on the board = 1 point (a 'woody'); bag through the hole = 3 points ('cornhole' or 'ace'). Score is calculated cancellation-style — each team's raw points cancel out; only net points count per round. First to exactly 21 wins. Originated in 19th-century Germany + Cincinnati, Ohio; explosive US growth 2010s. Governed by American Cornhole League (ACL) — professionalized since 2015; ESPN broadcasts tournaments. World Series of Cornhole draws thousands. Materials: regulation 6×6 inch bags weighing 15.5-16.5 oz filled with resin pellets (formerly corn kernels). Casual game — often played at BBQs, tailgates, weddings — but also serious professional circuit with $250,000+ prize pools. Accessible to all ages/skill levels; game of touch + strategy (roll shots vs airmail shots).

Quick facts

Category

Precision Sports

Type

Individual

Players

2–4

Duration

~30 min

Where played

outdoor

Field / court

outdoor lawn / court

Country of origin

🇺🇸 United States

Estimated origin

19th c. German origins possible; modernized in Cincinnati mid-20th c.; American Cornhole League 2015

Olympic

No

Popularity

regional

How it works

Objective

Score exactly 21 points before opponent by tossing bags on board (1 pt) or through hole (3 pts).

Match structure

Players/teams alternate throws. Each round: 4 bags thrown by each side. Cancellation scoring: only net differential counted per round. First to exactly 21 wins. Overshoot 21 = drop back to lower designated total.

Rules

Basic rules

  • Cancellation scoring

    Each round: raw scores cancel out. Only net difference (positive) is added to score.

  • Bag on board = 1 point (Woody)

    Bag resting anywhere on board surface at end of round.

  • Bag through hole = 3 points (Cornhole/Ace)

    Bag drops through hole into scoring area below.

  • Bags on ground = 0 points

    Bags in grass or foul territory don't count; even if they bounced off board.

  • First to 21 wins

    Traditional rules: exactly 21 to win. Overshoot = drop back to 11 (some rules) or 15 (ACL).

  • Cannot cross foul line

    Front foot cannot cross front edge of opposite board's front line when releasing.

  • Bag hit by ground first = foul

    Bag that bounces off ground onto board = foul (removed).

Advanced rules

  • ACL rule set (competitive)

    Match format: 1v1 or 2v2; boards 27ft apart; specific bag specs; cancellation scoring; first to 21 or 15 (varies).

  • Round scoring in doubles

    Doubles: each teammate throws 4 bags per round (8 total per team); then opponent throws.

  • Foul bag removal

    Bag caused by foul is immediately removed from board.

  • Bag on lip = 1 point

    Bag resting on lip of hole (partially in, partially on board) = 1 point (not 3).

  • Bag pushed in later

    Subsequent bag pushing another through hole: both bags count 3 points each.

  • Court positioning (doubles)

    Teammates stand at opposite boards; alternate ends each round OR fixed sides.

  • Speed of play

    ACL: 10-15 sec per throw at pro level; casual = no clock.

  • Wind rules

    Outdoor tournaments: wind reads adjusted mentally; no wind stop.

Scoring

Cancellation scoring: bag on board = 1 point, bag through hole = 3 points. Only net difference each round added to total. First to 21 wins.

ActionPoints
Bag on board (Woody)1
Bag through hole (Cornhole/Ace)3
Bag on lip of hole1 (not 3)
Bag on ground (missed or bounced)0
Foul (crossed line, hit ground first)0 (bag removed)
Overshoot 21Drop back to 11 or 15 depending on rules

Win condition · First to exactly 21 wins.

Playing area

Called

outdoor lawn / court

Dimensions

Boards 4 ft × 2 ft angled 12° at back (12 in). 27 ft pitching distance apart (ACL regulation). 6-inch hole 9 in from top edge.

Two wooden boards facing each other on flat ground; players throw from behind pitching line even with front of board.

Equipment

  • Cornhole boards (pair)

    4 ft × 2 ft plywood boards angled 12°; 6-inch hole 9 in from top. ACL-regulation smoothness.

  • Bags (8 total, 4 per team)

    6 × 6 inch fabric bags, 15.5-16.5 oz; filled with resin pellets. ACL-approved brands: Dime Bags, Prophecy, KILLSHOT, BG Bags.

  • Score card / whiteboard

    Track cumulative + round scores.

  • Tape measure

    For official setup verification.

Officiating

Tournament matches have referee for foul calls + scoring; casual play is self-officiated.

  • Referee (tournament)
  • Scorekeeper
  • Line judges (pro)

Strategies

  • Slide vs airmail

    Slide shot (lower arc, lands + slides toward hole) vs airmail (high arc, drops through hole).

  • Blocking bags

    Land bag on board in front of hole to block opponent's slide shot.

  • Push-through

    Land bag on board so subsequent bag can push it through hole for 6 points combined.

  • First-throw strategy

    Whoever leads score throws second (last word) advantage — save aces for closer.

  • Reading wind + board condition

    Outdoor: adjust for wind. Board condition: slick vs sticky changes slide distance.

  • 21 approach management

    Once at 18-20, avoid aces if you'll overshoot to 22+ (drop back to 11).

Terminology

Cornhole / Ace
Bag through the hole = 3 points.
Woody
Bag on the board = 1 point.
Cornfusion
Round where scoring is disputed; usually informal replay.
Slider
Bag thrown with low arc that lands + slides.
Airmail
Bag thrown with high arc, drops through hole from above.
Backdoor
Bag entering hole from top edge.
Blocker
Bag placed to block opponent's shot at hole.
Cornfused
Slang for missing badly.
Cornholed
Getting ace on top of opponent's blocker (technique or luck).
Pitcher's Box
Area behind pitching line where thrower stands.
Foul
Crossing line, bouncing off ground = illegal throw.
Cancellation
Scoring style: only net difference per round counts.

Major competitions

  • ACL World Championships

    annual · USA (broadcast globally) · since 2015

  • ACL Pro Tour

    annual · USA · since 2015

  • American Cornhole Championships (ACC)

    annual · USA · since 2005

  • World Cornhole Championships (WCC)

    annual · worldwide

Where it is played

Governing bodies

  • American Cornhole League (ACL)

    Founded 2015 · Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA

    Official site ↗
  • American Cornhole Organization (ACO)

    Founded 2005 · USA

  • European Cornhole Association

    Founded 2018 · Europe

Famous names & records

Famous athletes

  • Matt Guy (USA) — Multiple ACL World Champion; considered GOAT of professional cornhole
  • Jamie Graham (USA) — 3× ACL World Singles Champion; dominant 2019-2023
  • Cheyenne Buckingham (USA) — Top women's professional; multiple ACL titles
  • Bret Guy (USA) — Multiple ACL doubles titles; brother of Matt Guy
  • Ryan Windsor (USA) — ACL Pro; multiple World doubles titles
  • Devon Harbaugh (USA) — Women's ACL World Champion

Records

  • Most ACL World Championships

    Matt Guy (USA)8+ titles across singles/doubles (2024)

  • Highest ACL round score

    Various prosPerfect 12-0 (4 aces vs 0) (2020)

  • Longest ACL Pro career

    Matt Guy10+ years top-10 world ranking (2024)

  • ACL prize pool growth

    ACL organization$250,000+ Championship prize (2024)

Learn this sport

beginner

  1. 1

    Get regulation set

    $100-300 for regulation ACL boards + 8 bags.

  2. 2

    Practice at 27 ft

    Start closer + move back as accuracy improves.

  3. 3

    Learn cancellation scoring

    Practice tracking round scores + net calculation.

intermediate

  1. 1

    Local leagues (ACL clubs)

    Weekly leagues at bars/parks; earn ACL points + rankings.

  2. 2

    Upgrade to pro bags

    $50-100 per set — Dime Bags, KILLSHOT, Prophecy dual-sided (slick + sticky).

  3. 3

    Enter regional tournaments

    ACL Regional Circuits qualify for national events.

advanced

  1. 1

    ACL Pro qualification

    Consistent top finishes at regional + earn Pro card.

  2. 2

    ACL Pro Tour

    Full-season circuit with $10-50k events.

  3. 3

    World Championships

    Annual tournament with $250,000+ prize pool; broadcast on ESPN.

Frequently asked

How do you play cornhole?+

Two players (or teams of 2) stand at opposite boards 27 feet apart. Each side throws 4 bags per round, alternating throws. Bag on board = 1 point (woody); bag through hole = 3 points (cornhole/ace). Cancellation scoring: only net difference each round counts. First to exactly 21 wins. Overshoot 21 = drop back to 11 or 15 depending on rules.

What's cancellation scoring?+

Each round, both teams' raw scores cancel each other out — only the difference (positive) is added to the winning team's total. Example: Team A scores 5 (1 ace + 2 on board), Team B scores 3 (3 on board) → Team A gets 2 points that round (5-3), Team B gets 0. Prevents runaway leads + forces close matches.

Is cornhole a real sport?+

Yes! Professionalized since 2015 with American Cornhole League (ACL). ESPN broadcasts World Championships. Top pros earn $200,000+ annually from prize money + endorsements. Requires precision, strategy (blocking, push-throughs), mental composure under pressure. Not Olympic yet but has legitimate professional circuit + fan base.

How far apart are the boards?+

Regulation distance: 27 feet from front edge of one board to front edge of other (ACL standard). Casual: often 21-25 ft for backyard play. Board dimensions: 4 ft long × 2 ft wide, angled 12° at back. Hole: 6-inch diameter, 9 inches from top edge, centered.

What makes ACL bags special?+

ACL-approved bags: 6×6 inches, 15.5-16.5 oz, filled with resin pellets (not corn — old-school). Modern pro bags are DUAL-SIDED: slick side (fast slide) + sticky side (grip/stop). Different brands (Dime, KILLSHOT, Prophecy) have varying speeds + textures. Cost: $50-100 per set of 8. Bag choice + orientation strategic per shot.

Can you play indoors?+

Yes — indoor cornhole increasingly popular. Bars + gyms host winter leagues. Wind + weather not factors. Slick indoor floors sometimes cause boards to slide (use anti-slip mats). ACL Pro Tour holds indoor events (e.g., MGM Grand). Casual: garages, basements, warehouses all common venues.

Sources & provenance

Last verified 2026-08-24.community